Bardsey's Wildlife

Tuesday 27 July 2021

With the heatwave well and truly behind us, the cooler air temperatures make working on the island more bearable now. However, it was still warm enough overnight for Steve to be able to wear shorts and tee shirt when he and Stuart were out catching shearwaters at 1am!. We handled about 40 birds in the time we were out, and also trapped a juvenile Oystercatcher.

Manx Shearwater

Stuart ringing a shearwater

Oystercatcher chick

In the morning Stuart came across the Ringed Plover chicks in Henllwyn on his way up from the LSA hut, one of which was duly caught and ringed.

Ringed Plover chick

Spot the birdie!

There were also six Common Sandpipers, a Sanderling, a Dunlin and four Whimbrels on the Narrows. Paul (our guest) had a Greenshank on Carreg yr Honwy early on, and a single Risso’s Dolphin along the west side of the island. Migrant wise it was a very quiet census with only nine Willow Warblers seen.

Moths were once again the highlight of the day, with yet another new species added to the island’s ever-growing list. This time it was not a dull tiny brown fleck, but a large bright and beautiful Clouded Magpie. We get both Small Magpie and Magpie quite frequently, so this was a nice addition to the list.

Clouded Magpie - new for the island

Mid-morning saw the staff lead the weekly guided walk. With very few birds to see at this time of year, it is always challenging, but there were plenty of opportunities for people to be shown butterflies, moths and flowers and plants.

In the afternoon Steve took the opportunity to go along with Gareth on his boat around the eastern side of the island to count some of the seabirds so we can calculate the productivity figures for them.

There were lots of young Shags (133 of them!) showing that they have had a good breeding season. Kittiwakes were still in abundance, with about 600 present, 268 of them were youngsters in or around their nests still. There were 315 young Herring Gulls, again they have had a great season. Best of all were the Puffin numbers; about 400 were estimated to be on land or flying around the main colony at the north end of the East Side. Who would have though that this would be the case in 2000 when Steve and Dave Barnden ringed the first chick on Bardsey?!

Birds today: two Gannets, one Grey Heron, seven Ringed Plovers, one Sanderling, one Dunlin, four Whimbrels, 39 Curlews, 12 Redshanks, one Greenshank, six Common Sandpiper, six Turnstones, two Black-headed Gulls, two Sandwich Terns, 14 Collared Doves, 11 Willow Warblers

Fulmars

Herring Gull chicks

Kittiwake

Kittiwakes

Puffin

Shag with Darvic ring

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Click to see inside!

Edited by Mike Archer, Mark Grantham, Peter Howlett and Steve Stansfield and published by T & AD Poyser, this fabulous book describes how much has changed since the first edition of Bird Observatories in Britain and Ireland was published in 1976. There are detailed accounts of the history and work carried out at each of the 18 observatories, with personal accounts by wardens and staff of the excitement of discovering a rarity, watching thousands of migrants attracted to a lighthouse after dark, and the pleasure and experiences that working at some of the country’s most remote and beautiful locations can bring. Click the picture of the book to see inside or to buy your copy.

Migrants

Being sited on the main migration route of many species, Bardsey (or Ynys Enlli in Welsh) is a well-known site for migrant birds, turning up many scarcities and rarities, as well as large numbers of common migrants. The island’s list now stands on 326, after the recent addition of Citrine Wagtail in October 2012.

Although Bardsey’s reputation for rare birds may not quite match that of some observatories, it is almost certainly the best site in Wales for rarities. Among Bardsey’s rarer visitors are the first Summer Tanager (1957) and Yellow Warbler (1964) to have been recorded in Britain and Ireland, as well as American vagrants such American Bittern, Sora, Kildeer, Spotted Sandpiper, Grey-cheeked Thrush, American Robin, Song Sparrow, Dark-eyed Junco, Red-eyed Vireo, Black-and-white Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Blackpoll Warbler. To add to this impressive list of rarities, Black-winged Stilt, Lesser Yellowlegs, Lanceolated Warbler, River Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Booted Warbler, Blyth’s Reed Warbler, Eyebrowed Thrush, Thrush Nightingale, Red-flanked Bluetail, Isabelline Wheatear, Black-eared Wheatear, Collared Flycatcher, Blyth’s Pipit, Pine Bunting, Rock Bunting, Yellow-breasted Bunting and White-throated Sparrow have all been recorded.

Besides the rarities, Bardsey regularly attracts large numbers of weary migrants during 'fall' conditions in Spring and Autumn, largely a consequence of the fully operational Bardsey Lighthouse. In 2011, for example, a single grounding of migrants resulted in over 1000 Willow Warblers making groundfall on the island in August. In the not-so-distant past, a single attraction of 40,000 Redwings occurred in late October at the end of the last century.

Breeding birds

Bardsey is home to some 26, 000 pairs of Manx Shearwaters, which can be heard on dark nights from mid-March to August. They breed in their excavated burrows, which are scattered all over the island. Chough is the most important species of conservation concern, with between four to eight pairs nesting around the coastal cliffs most years, and a wintering flock of up to 50 individuals. A pair of Peregrines breed on the island, and a 1-2 pair of Ravens also nest most years. There are several species which nest only occasionally, such as Sparrowhawk and Little Owl, along with Afro-Palearctic migrants like Sedge Warbler, Blackcap, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Up to ten pairs of Stonechats can nest in the isolated gorse patches around the island, along with many Linnets and Meadow Pipits. Corncrakes were once a common breeder on the island, although since 1970 there have been no confirmed pairs nesting. In recent years the likes of Lapwing, Yellowhammer, House Sparrow and Starling have also all become extinct as breeding species. In contrast, Shelduck, Puffin, Long-eared Owl, Grasshopper Warbler and Goldcrest have been added to the breeding bird list since 1998.

Ringing

Ringing is a very important part of the observatory’s role on the island. Since 1953, the observatory has ringed over 315,00 birds of 198 species. The highest number ringed in a single year was 1988, with a total of 11, 301 birds ringed of 93 species. There have been many days in the observatory’s history when several hundred birds have been ringed in one day; these occasions have mostly involved breeding seabirds, although these numbers can also easily occur with migrant species.

Lepidoptera

A total of 561 species of moths have been recorded on the island. Bardsey is not an overly good location for scarce moths, although the existence of Thrift Clearwings (Nationally scarce) has been established on the Thrift plants around the coast in recent years, after first being recorded in the years 1980 and 1996. Migrant moths arrive in small numbers every year, for example the annual arrival of Hummingbird Hawkmoths in the autumn; rarer immigrants in the past have included Death’s Head Hawkmoths, Vestals, Crimson Speckled and Red-necked Footman.

In recent years, a greater emphasis has been placed on recording and identifying the so-called ‘micro-moths’, which has resulted in the finding of 41 new species for Bardsey since 2011. In 2012, the coastal subspecies of Eana penziana (E.p.colquhounana) was re-found on the island, which was the first time that this Nationally Scarce species had been recorded on Bardsey since 1966. Apotomis semifasciana is also amongst the scarcer species of micro-moths to inhibit the island (also Nationally Scarce).

Butterflies are present on the island in small numbers, with species such as Common Blue, Small Copper and Small Tortoise-shell being the most common. A scarcer breeding species is the Grayling, which can be found in small numbers on the top of the mountain. Migrant butterflies such as Painted Lady can arrive in their hundreds, although other migrants such as Clouded Yellow and Dark-green Fritillary are quite rare.

Bardsey's Wildlife

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Tuesday 27 July 2021

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