Bardsey's Wildlife

Friday, 20 March 2020

The weather today was not quite as inviting as it was yesterday, a cool easterly breeze gusting at 24mph kept the temperature down. However, the sea was calm just as it was yesterday and the sun was out until the very end of the day when the clouds helped to produce a famous Bardsey sunset.

The nets were opened in the garden first thing in the morning, but the breeze kicked up a bit and they were all closed before 09:00 with little being caught besides Chiffchaffs and a Goldcrest. One Chiffchaff was carrying a lot of fat with a score of 4/8, so it's likely this individual has not migrated far, if at all. There were once again small numbers of Goldcrests and Chiffchaffs on the island today, 13 and 11 respectively.

A Chiffchaff in the Withies

After the nets were furled, both assistant wardens were out trying to find the first Wheatear of the year which is frankly overdue at this point. Unfortunately, today was not the day for it, but Purple Sandpipers made their way onto the year list as three flew across Solfach with a small flock of Turnstones. Another wader species new to the year list was Snipe, 15 were flushed from the Wetlands, they are notoriously hard to see here otherwise as they essentially spend all their time in the middle of long rushes. Oystercatchers are still flocked together in Henllwyn in numbers of 90 or so every morning with just a few pairs starting to form around the island.

One of the many Oystercatchers that will breed on Bardsey

A Little Owl was once again being quite vocal and hooting sporadically throughout the day. we're still not entirely sure where exactly it is calling from, but its likely just north of Carreg Bach where one was frequently seen last year.

Meadow Pipits seem to have returned to usual numbers after quite a dip last year, 111 were recorded today including quite a number of parachuting individuals, too. We haven't had the opportunity to catch any since the first day as the wind has been slightly too strong for the exposed Meadow Pipit nets to be opened.

A rather dapper looking Meadow Pipit, if such a thing exists.

Rock Pipits are also in abundance along the coastline, 17 were recorded today, many birds are singing and they'll soon be nesting in cracks and crevices around the perimeter of the Island.

Rock Pipit on the West Coast

I nice surprise this morning was a Hummingbird Hawkmoth caught in the moth trap, not something you usually get to have a good close look at. Other none avian records include a Slow Worm in Cristin Garden.

Hummingbird Hawkmoth

Slow Worm

We had a team meeting today too, we discussed matters such as what we're going to do now that we have an April with no guests due to the Covid-19 outbreak and the year's wildlife monitoring projects. Building a hide near Solfach is one thing that's high up on the agenda for this year, as well as fully cleaning the ringing hut and other jobs that are often overlooked in a usual season.

As mentioned earlier, the sunset this evening was quite a knockout...

Blood-red sunset viewed from Cristin

Other sightings today include: one Linnet, 16 Choughs, one Redwing, five Blackbirds, 11 Stonechats, one Robin, eight Guillemots, 259 Herring Gulls, 35 Lesser Black-backed Gulls, 20 Turnstones, one Curlew, one Redshank, one Merlin, one Buzzard, two Teals, two Shelducks and one Gannet.

Ringing totals today: Chiffchaff 2, Goldcrest 1

Moths today: Hummingbird Hawkmoth 1, Red Chestnut 1, Clouded Drab 1

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Click to see inside!

Edited by Mike Archer, Mark Grantham, Peter Howlett and Steve Stansfield and published by T & AD Poyser, this fabulous book describes how much has changed since the first edition of Bird Observatories in Britain and Ireland was published in 1976. There are detailed accounts of the history and work carried out at each of the 18 observatories, with personal accounts by wardens and staff of the excitement of discovering a rarity, watching thousands of migrants attracted to a lighthouse after dark, and the pleasure and experiences that working at some of the country’s most remote and beautiful locations can bring. Click the picture of the book to see inside or to buy your copy.

Migrants

Being sited on the main migration route of many species, Bardsey (or Ynys Enlli in Welsh) is a well-known site for migrant birds, turning up many scarcities and rarities, as well as large numbers of common migrants. The island’s list now stands on 326, after the recent addition of Citrine Wagtail in October 2012.

Although Bardsey’s reputation for rare birds may not quite match that of some observatories, it is almost certainly the best site in Wales for rarities. Among Bardsey’s rarer visitors are the first Summer Tanager (1957) and Yellow Warbler (1964) to have been recorded in Britain and Ireland, as well as American vagrants such American Bittern, Sora, Kildeer, Spotted Sandpiper, Grey-cheeked Thrush, American Robin, Song Sparrow, Dark-eyed Junco, Red-eyed Vireo, Black-and-white Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Blackpoll Warbler. To add to this impressive list of rarities, Black-winged Stilt, Lesser Yellowlegs, Lanceolated Warbler, River Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Booted Warbler, Blyth’s Reed Warbler, Eyebrowed Thrush, Thrush Nightingale, Red-flanked Bluetail, Isabelline Wheatear, Black-eared Wheatear, Collared Flycatcher, Blyth’s Pipit, Pine Bunting, Rock Bunting, Yellow-breasted Bunting and White-throated Sparrow have all been recorded.

Besides the rarities, Bardsey regularly attracts large numbers of weary migrants during 'fall' conditions in Spring and Autumn, largely a consequence of the fully operational Bardsey Lighthouse. In 2011, for example, a single grounding of migrants resulted in over 1000 Willow Warblers making groundfall on the island in August. In the not-so-distant past, a single attraction of 40,000 Redwings occurred in late October at the end of the last century.

Breeding birds

Bardsey is home to some 26, 000 pairs of Manx Shearwaters, which can be heard on dark nights from mid-March to August. They breed in their excavated burrows, which are scattered all over the island. Chough is the most important species of conservation concern, with between four to eight pairs nesting around the coastal cliffs most years, and a wintering flock of up to 50 individuals. A pair of Peregrines breed on the island, and a 1-2 pair of Ravens also nest most years. There are several species which nest only occasionally, such as Sparrowhawk and Little Owl, along with Afro-Palearctic migrants like Sedge Warbler, Blackcap, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Up to ten pairs of Stonechats can nest in the isolated gorse patches around the island, along with many Linnets and Meadow Pipits. Corncrakes were once a common breeder on the island, although since 1970 there have been no confirmed pairs nesting. In recent years the likes of Lapwing, Yellowhammer, House Sparrow and Starling have also all become extinct as breeding species. In contrast, Shelduck, Puffin, Long-eared Owl, Grasshopper Warbler and Goldcrest have been added to the breeding bird list since 1998.

Ringing

Ringing is a very important part of the observatory’s role on the island. Since 1953, the observatory has ringed over 315,00 birds of 198 species. The highest number ringed in a single year was 1988, with a total of 11, 301 birds ringed of 93 species. There have been many days in the observatory’s history when several hundred birds have been ringed in one day; these occasions have mostly involved breeding seabirds, although these numbers can also easily occur with migrant species.

Lepidoptera

A total of 561 species of moths have been recorded on the island. Bardsey is not an overly good location for scarce moths, although the existence of Thrift Clearwings (Nationally scarce) has been established on the Thrift plants around the coast in recent years, after first being recorded in the years 1980 and 1996. Migrant moths arrive in small numbers every year, for example the annual arrival of Hummingbird Hawkmoths in the autumn; rarer immigrants in the past have included Death’s Head Hawkmoths, Vestals, Crimson Speckled and Red-necked Footman.

In recent years, a greater emphasis has been placed on recording and identifying the so-called ‘micro-moths’, which has resulted in the finding of 41 new species for Bardsey since 2011. In 2012, the coastal subspecies of Eana penziana (E.p.colquhounana) was re-found on the island, which was the first time that this Nationally Scarce species had been recorded on Bardsey since 1966. Apotomis semifasciana is also amongst the scarcer species of micro-moths to inhibit the island (also Nationally Scarce).

Butterflies are present on the island in small numbers, with species such as Common Blue, Small Copper and Small Tortoise-shell being the most common. A scarcer breeding species is the Grayling, which can be found in small numbers on the top of the mountain. Migrant butterflies such as Painted Lady can arrive in their hundreds, although other migrants such as Clouded Yellow and Dark-green Fritillary are quite rare.

Bardsey's Wildlife

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Friday, 20 March 2020

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