Bardsey's Wildlife: Ringing summary for March and April

Saturday 3 May 2014

Ringing summary for March and April

Numbers

It has been a good spring for ringing so far, with a total of 1149 birds ringed since Mid-March. This a little higher than the number ringed in the same period last year. The calm weather throughout much of April (and late March) has allowed the mist nets to be open almost every day, which is something of a novelty here. This factor has meant that a small number of birds ringed every day has gradually stacked up to reach this respectable total. In contrast, the 1000 or so birds ringed in April 2013 was reached through a small number of ‘big bird’ days, where over 100 or 200 birds were ringed in a single day. This year, the 100 mark has been breached just once or twice on any one day.

The mist nets were set up around the island in mid-March

One of the busier ringing days, where about 100 birds were processed during the day.

Species

Onto the species…Willow Warblers were typically the most abundant species ringed, with a total of 371 accounting for 32% of the ringing total during this period. Chiffchaffs were not far behind in terms of abundance, with a total of 230 ringed during this period. The rest of the total was made up mostly by just two other species: namely Blackcaps (15%) and Goldfinches (9%).

The two most abundant species ringed during March and April: 371 Willow Warblers (left) and 230 Chiffchaffs (right) contributed to over half of the total

A total of 104 Goldfinches were ringed during March and April- this total is already well above (by about 500%) the average annual ringing total for this species on Bardsey, from 1953 to 2013. Last year's total of 230 was the highest annual total in the history of BBFO, and it looks set to be another record year

Diversity

In terms of the diversity of species, March and April were a little disappointing, especially considering that we trapped Hawfinch, Corncrake and six Jack Snipes in the same period last year. The only more noteworthy species comprised a Collared Dove trapped at Cristin (the first trapped since 2012); one Firecrest (only four were trapped and ringed last year); a good total of five Grasshopper Warblers, which is already much higher than last year’s total; two Lesser Whitethroats; four Common Redpolls; and six Wheatears from a lighthouse attraction (only two were trapped last year).

This Collared Dove found its way into the obs Heligoland trap, and is the first to be ringed on Bardsey since 2012. This is the 54th Collared Dove to be ringed on Bardsey

Five Wheatears were trapped at the Lighthouse attraction in early April, and four of them were cracking Greenland-race birds such as this one. Only two Wheatears were ringed in the whole of last year, so to have done six already this year is a good start

Only three or four 'proper'-looking Common Redpolls were trapped during this ringing period. However, there were plenty of very puzzling birds (as per usual), which continue to cause much confusion as to the differentiation between Lesser Redpoll and Common Redpoll

Night-time ringing

Dazzling, or lamping, waders around The Narrowsx during the night yielded with just two Whimbrels and two Ringed Plovers in March and April. The former of the two were fitted with colour rings as part of our on-going colour-ringing project on this species. Interestingly, a sighting mid-April proved the value of fitting these Whimbrels with colour-rings...a bird bearing a colour combination was ringed by ourselves on 28th April 2013, and so has returned through the island en route to its breeding grounds.

A Whimbrel being fitted with its smart new colour-rings

Retraps and recoveries

So, yes we have ringed plenty of birds, but what are the benefits of such activities? Well, during March, we received the usual ‘recovery sheets’ from the BTO for 2013. These sheets outline where birds that we have ringed were re-trapped elsewhere, and where birds that we controlled were originally ringed (a little difficult to explain...)

Perhaps the most exciting recovery was that of a Jack Snipe, which we managed to catch in the Ty Pellaf Wetlands on 18 March. As we were extracting it from the drag net, we were very surprised to find that it already had a ring on! After processing the bird, we consulted our ringing records from last year, and found that we had ringed this bird on 12 April 2013! This a great recovery for a species which has a very low re-trap rate.

The Jack Snipe bearing the ring which we had placed on its leg almost a year before hand

These recovery sheets produced a few surprises: a Great Tit originally ringed in North Somerset in March 2012 was re-trapped here on Bardsey 392 days later, having travelled 199km (as the crow flies). This is a surprising journey for a species which is usually heralded as being sedentary.

A Chiffchaff was trapped and ringed in Wexford on 23 September 2013, and was re-trapped on the island 4 days later on the 27^th. Having crossed the Irish Sea (about 117 km from the initial trapping site), the bird had remarkably only lost 0.4 grams!

A Manx Shearwater re-trapped during 2013 was found to have been ringed a grand total of 32 years and 47 days earlier (as an adult). This could mean that the bird is in fact closer to 40 years old! A very impressive age! On 20 May 2013, we trapped a Sedge Warbler which had been ringed in Aberdeen on 2 July 2012.

So far this year, we have only trapped two birds with rings on that are not our own, i.e. they have been fitted by another scheme, somewhere else in the country. This Lesser Redpoll was bearing a ring from the French scheme

The re-trap sheets for Manx Shearwaters- can you spot the two rather old birds!

Bardsey Lighthouse

Having been running on a rotating glass prism since 1821, the lighthouse's amazing, 2-tonne prisms were turned off this month. In place of the the old set-up, a row of red LEDs will be installed on the top of the lighthouse, and these will be run by a solar array in the compound below.

This will presumably have a large effect on both lighthouse fatalities and 'falls' of migrants. The old rotating beam used to lure in hundreds, and occasionally many thousands, of unwary migrants in drizzly conditions during spring and autumn migration. Unfortunately, many of these birds ended up dying from impacts with the tower, or exhaustion. However, the new led lights will significantly reduce casualties and attractions. The effect of this change of the island's lure of migrants can only be guessed at...will large numbers of migrants continue to make landfall on the island?

The prisms of the Bardsey Lighthouse, weighing a total of two tonnes, but requiring no effort at all to rotate, due to the bed of mercury on which it lies

This (poor) video vaguely outlines the attraction of some 400 birds to Bardsey Lighthouse on the night of the 2nd of April. This could well be the last ever attraction on Bardsey!

1 comment:

Unknown19 August 2015 at 15:23
I appreciate your great work. Thanks for sharing. Keep me more update in future.

CPA Boynton Beach
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Click to see inside!

Edited by Mike Archer, Mark Grantham, Peter Howlett and Steve Stansfield and published by T & AD Poyser, this fabulous book describes how much has changed since the first edition of Bird Observatories in Britain and Ireland was published in 1976. There are detailed accounts of the history and work carried out at each of the 18 observatories, with personal accounts by wardens and staff of the excitement of discovering a rarity, watching thousands of migrants attracted to a lighthouse after dark, and the pleasure and experiences that working at some of the country’s most remote and beautiful locations can bring. Click the picture of the book to see inside or to buy your copy.

Migrants

Being sited on the main migration route of many species, Bardsey (or Ynys Enlli in Welsh) is a well-known site for migrant birds, turning up many scarcities and rarities, as well as large numbers of common migrants. The island’s list now stands on 326, after the recent addition of Citrine Wagtail in October 2012.

Although Bardsey’s reputation for rare birds may not quite match that of some observatories, it is almost certainly the best site in Wales for rarities. Among Bardsey’s rarer visitors are the first Summer Tanager (1957) and Yellow Warbler (1964) to have been recorded in Britain and Ireland, as well as American vagrants such American Bittern, Sora, Kildeer, Spotted Sandpiper, Grey-cheeked Thrush, American Robin, Song Sparrow, Dark-eyed Junco, Red-eyed Vireo, Black-and-white Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Blackpoll Warbler. To add to this impressive list of rarities, Black-winged Stilt, Lesser Yellowlegs, Lanceolated Warbler, River Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Booted Warbler, Blyth’s Reed Warbler, Eyebrowed Thrush, Thrush Nightingale, Red-flanked Bluetail, Isabelline Wheatear, Black-eared Wheatear, Collared Flycatcher, Blyth’s Pipit, Pine Bunting, Rock Bunting, Yellow-breasted Bunting and White-throated Sparrow have all been recorded.

Besides the rarities, Bardsey regularly attracts large numbers of weary migrants during 'fall' conditions in Spring and Autumn, largely a consequence of the fully operational Bardsey Lighthouse. In 2011, for example, a single grounding of migrants resulted in over 1000 Willow Warblers making groundfall on the island in August. In the not-so-distant past, a single attraction of 40,000 Redwings occurred in late October at the end of the last century.

Breeding birds

Bardsey is home to some 26, 000 pairs of Manx Shearwaters, which can be heard on dark nights from mid-March to August. They breed in their excavated burrows, which are scattered all over the island. Chough is the most important species of conservation concern, with between four to eight pairs nesting around the coastal cliffs most years, and a wintering flock of up to 50 individuals. A pair of Peregrines breed on the island, and a 1-2 pair of Ravens also nest most years. There are several species which nest only occasionally, such as Sparrowhawk and Little Owl, along with Afro-Palearctic migrants like Sedge Warbler, Blackcap, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Up to ten pairs of Stonechats can nest in the isolated gorse patches around the island, along with many Linnets and Meadow Pipits. Corncrakes were once a common breeder on the island, although since 1970 there have been no confirmed pairs nesting. In recent years the likes of Lapwing, Yellowhammer, House Sparrow and Starling have also all become extinct as breeding species. In contrast, Shelduck, Puffin, Long-eared Owl, Grasshopper Warbler and Goldcrest have been added to the breeding bird list since 1998.

Ringing

Ringing is a very important part of the observatory’s role on the island. Since 1953, the observatory has ringed over 315,00 birds of 198 species. The highest number ringed in a single year was 1988, with a total of 11, 301 birds ringed of 93 species. There have been many days in the observatory’s history when several hundred birds have been ringed in one day; these occasions have mostly involved breeding seabirds, although these numbers can also easily occur with migrant species.

Lepidoptera

A total of 561 species of moths have been recorded on the island. Bardsey is not an overly good location for scarce moths, although the existence of Thrift Clearwings (Nationally scarce) has been established on the Thrift plants around the coast in recent years, after first being recorded in the years 1980 and 1996. Migrant moths arrive in small numbers every year, for example the annual arrival of Hummingbird Hawkmoths in the autumn; rarer immigrants in the past have included Death’s Head Hawkmoths, Vestals, Crimson Speckled and Red-necked Footman.

In recent years, a greater emphasis has been placed on recording and identifying the so-called ‘micro-moths’, which has resulted in the finding of 41 new species for Bardsey since 2011. In 2012, the coastal subspecies of Eana penziana (E.p.colquhounana) was re-found on the island, which was the first time that this Nationally Scarce species had been recorded on Bardsey since 1966. Apotomis semifasciana is also amongst the scarcer species of micro-moths to inhibit the island (also Nationally Scarce).

Butterflies are present on the island in small numbers, with species such as Common Blue, Small Copper and Small Tortoise-shell being the most common. A scarcer breeding species is the Grayling, which can be found in small numbers on the top of the mountain. Migrant butterflies such as Painted Lady can arrive in their hundreds, although other migrants such as Clouded Yellow and Dark-green Fritillary are quite rare.

Bardsey's Wildlife

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Saturday 3 May 2014

Ringing summary for March and April

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