Bardsey's Wildlife

Thursday, 9 April 2020

The day started early, both Nant and Cristin had 'ringable' wind conditions, with barely a breeze to be felt anywhere on the island. The nets were opened at 06:30 and it was quite a productive day. One of the nicest surprises this morning was a Willow Warbler that had a French ring on its leg. Catching controls like this is one of the reasons people ring birds, so it's very interesting when you do so! Now we just have to wait and see where exactly it was ringed...

The French ring with the word 'Paris' just about visible in this photo

The Willow Warbler itself

Two Grasshopper Warblers were present at Nant, singing early in the morning. A great, distinctive song that sounds like the reel of a fishing rod, or perhaps a bicycle free-wheeling. Luckily, one of them was caught which was a new bird for the year's ringing list. They have noticeably soft feathers when held in the hand, as do other 'Locustella' warblers.

Grasshopper Warbler caught at Nant

The song of the Grasshopper Warbler, singing from low down in the thicket

Aside from the ringing, it was a really pleasant day to walk around and count the birds. There was a noticeable increase in Wheatears today. There were 11 on the Narrows and South End alone, which is equal to the whole island count just yesterday. White Wagtails saw a dramatic increase today, on the two rocky bays, Henllwyn and Solfach (their preferred habitat for feeding) there were 28 of these migrant wagtails, compared to just four yesterday!

A White Wagtail on Solfach, these long-distance migrants effectively 'leapfrog' over our largely resident Pied Wagtails

A handsome male Pied Wagtail on Solfach

The usual suspects were also all present today, including Meadow Pipits (99 Today) and Rock Pipits (ten today). Both of which are singing throughout the day at the moment, seeing the Meadow Pipits parachuting in the fields is a great sight, especially on a calm, sunny day like today!

This Rock Pipit is seen around the Narrows every so often and it is remarkably old. Unfortunately, it has lost a colour ring which means it can't be identified individually, but it was ringed at some point in late 2009!

Meadow Pipits are busy building nests in the grassy areas around Bardsey currently

Meadow Pipit

An evening Manx Shearwater ringing session was productive, the walls were littered with birds and 26 new birds were ringed before 23:30!

Other sightings today include: one Gannet, three Shags, one Ringed Plover, one Whimbrel, 13 Turnstones, 26 Woodpigeon, one Little Owl, 22 Blackcaps, 101 Willow Warblers, one Blue Tit and one Bullfinch.

Ringing Totals: Blackcap 17, Willow Warbler 26 (1), Chiffchaff 12 (1), Wren 3 (2), Grasshopper Warbler 1, Goldcrest 6, Blue Tit 2, Siskin 3, Great Tit 1, Goldfinch 4, Greenfinch 1, Chaffinch (2), Lesser Redpoll 1, Manx Shearwater 26. 12 Species, 6 re-traps, 103 new.

Moths today: Brindled Pug 2, Hebrew Character 21, Common Quaker 6, Early Thorn 3, Red Chestnut 1, Double-striped Pug 2, V-pug 1.

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Click to see inside!

Edited by Mike Archer, Mark Grantham, Peter Howlett and Steve Stansfield and published by T & AD Poyser, this fabulous book describes how much has changed since the first edition of Bird Observatories in Britain and Ireland was published in 1976. There are detailed accounts of the history and work carried out at each of the 18 observatories, with personal accounts by wardens and staff of the excitement of discovering a rarity, watching thousands of migrants attracted to a lighthouse after dark, and the pleasure and experiences that working at some of the country’s most remote and beautiful locations can bring. Click the picture of the book to see inside or to buy your copy.

Migrants

Being sited on the main migration route of many species, Bardsey (or Ynys Enlli in Welsh) is a well-known site for migrant birds, turning up many scarcities and rarities, as well as large numbers of common migrants. The island’s list now stands on 326, after the recent addition of Citrine Wagtail in October 2012.

Although Bardsey’s reputation for rare birds may not quite match that of some observatories, it is almost certainly the best site in Wales for rarities. Among Bardsey’s rarer visitors are the first Summer Tanager (1957) and Yellow Warbler (1964) to have been recorded in Britain and Ireland, as well as American vagrants such American Bittern, Sora, Kildeer, Spotted Sandpiper, Grey-cheeked Thrush, American Robin, Song Sparrow, Dark-eyed Junco, Red-eyed Vireo, Black-and-white Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Blackpoll Warbler. To add to this impressive list of rarities, Black-winged Stilt, Lesser Yellowlegs, Lanceolated Warbler, River Warbler, Western Orphean Warbler, Booted Warbler, Blyth’s Reed Warbler, Eyebrowed Thrush, Thrush Nightingale, Red-flanked Bluetail, Isabelline Wheatear, Black-eared Wheatear, Collared Flycatcher, Blyth’s Pipit, Pine Bunting, Rock Bunting, Yellow-breasted Bunting and White-throated Sparrow have all been recorded.

Besides the rarities, Bardsey regularly attracts large numbers of weary migrants during 'fall' conditions in Spring and Autumn, largely a consequence of the fully operational Bardsey Lighthouse. In 2011, for example, a single grounding of migrants resulted in over 1000 Willow Warblers making groundfall on the island in August. In the not-so-distant past, a single attraction of 40,000 Redwings occurred in late October at the end of the last century.

Breeding birds

Bardsey is home to some 26, 000 pairs of Manx Shearwaters, which can be heard on dark nights from mid-March to August. They breed in their excavated burrows, which are scattered all over the island. Chough is the most important species of conservation concern, with between four to eight pairs nesting around the coastal cliffs most years, and a wintering flock of up to 50 individuals. A pair of Peregrines breed on the island, and a 1-2 pair of Ravens also nest most years. There are several species which nest only occasionally, such as Sparrowhawk and Little Owl, along with Afro-Palearctic migrants like Sedge Warbler, Blackcap, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Up to ten pairs of Stonechats can nest in the isolated gorse patches around the island, along with many Linnets and Meadow Pipits. Corncrakes were once a common breeder on the island, although since 1970 there have been no confirmed pairs nesting. In recent years the likes of Lapwing, Yellowhammer, House Sparrow and Starling have also all become extinct as breeding species. In contrast, Shelduck, Puffin, Long-eared Owl, Grasshopper Warbler and Goldcrest have been added to the breeding bird list since 1998.

Ringing

Ringing is a very important part of the observatory’s role on the island. Since 1953, the observatory has ringed over 315,00 birds of 198 species. The highest number ringed in a single year was 1988, with a total of 11, 301 birds ringed of 93 species. There have been many days in the observatory’s history when several hundred birds have been ringed in one day; these occasions have mostly involved breeding seabirds, although these numbers can also easily occur with migrant species.

Lepidoptera

A total of 561 species of moths have been recorded on the island. Bardsey is not an overly good location for scarce moths, although the existence of Thrift Clearwings (Nationally scarce) has been established on the Thrift plants around the coast in recent years, after first being recorded in the years 1980 and 1996. Migrant moths arrive in small numbers every year, for example the annual arrival of Hummingbird Hawkmoths in the autumn; rarer immigrants in the past have included Death’s Head Hawkmoths, Vestals, Crimson Speckled and Red-necked Footman.

In recent years, a greater emphasis has been placed on recording and identifying the so-called ‘micro-moths’, which has resulted in the finding of 41 new species for Bardsey since 2011. In 2012, the coastal subspecies of Eana penziana (E.p.colquhounana) was re-found on the island, which was the first time that this Nationally Scarce species had been recorded on Bardsey since 1966. Apotomis semifasciana is also amongst the scarcer species of micro-moths to inhibit the island (also Nationally Scarce).

Butterflies are present on the island in small numbers, with species such as Common Blue, Small Copper and Small Tortoise-shell being the most common. A scarcer breeding species is the Grayling, which can be found in small numbers on the top of the mountain. Migrant butterflies such as Painted Lady can arrive in their hundreds, although other migrants such as Clouded Yellow and Dark-green Fritillary are quite rare.

Bardsey's Wildlife

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Thursday, 9 April 2020

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